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These seals are used today around the world for a wide variety of static and dynamic sealing applications. The four-lobed design provides twice the sealing surface of a comparable standard o-ring and because of this double-seal action, less squeeze is required to maintain an effective seal. This reduction in squeeze means less friction and therefore, improved seal life.
Unlike o-rings, where parting lines are on the sealing surface, x-rings' parting lines lie between the lobes, away from the sealing surface. This
design eliminates the problems of leakage often resulting from a parting line's
irregular surface.
X-ring seals can be used as compression-type seals
in high speed rotary applications, eliminating the need for costlier
spring-loaded seals. They offer low friction for long life in hydraulic systems
with speeds of up to 900 FPM (4.5 M/Sec).
In order to minimize breakaway friction, an o-ring groove
must be wide enough to allow rolling or twisting of the seal. In the long
stroke of a reciprocating seal application, this twisting action can
strain and finally rupture the rubber, resulting in a type of seal failure
known as spiral twist
The x-ring's four-lobed configuration
is designed to withstand the distortion and extrusion often caused by high
or pulsating pressure, and thus eliminates this rolling action. As a
result, an x-ring calls for a narrower groove cross-section than
does a comparable o-ring seal.